Harmonizer
Adds up to three pitch-shifted voices to the input, each with its own interval, level and pan.
- Effect
- Since 0.2.0
- harmony
- pitch
- shift
- voices
- interval
Harmonizer turns one note into a chord: it adds up to three copies of the input, each shifted by its own interval.
What it does#
Each voice is a Pitch shifter on one shared delay line. Its Interval sets the shift in semitones, its Level its gain and its Pan its place in the stereo field. Dry sets the input level and Wet the level of all voices together. The input is delayed by the same amount as the voices, so everything lines up. A voice at Level 0 is switched off and costs nothing.
Pan works on a two-lane (stereo) cable with the equal-power law of the Bus: −1 is left, 1 is right, and the centre sends each lane the level times about 0.71. On a mono or wider cable, Pan has no effect and every lane gets the voice at its Level.
The node delays everything by half its largest Window (20 ms at the default 40 ms), and the Patch aligns parallel paths around it.
When to use it#
Use it for instant thirds and fifths on a lead line, an octave below a melody, or stacked, panned backing voices. The intervals are fixed, so they suit a melody that stays in one key or chord; set them to a scale's intervals or change them with the music. For a single shifted copy with feedback, use the Pitch shifter.
Ports#
| Port | Direction | Signal | Lanes |
|---|---|---|---|
audio | Input | Audio | Inferred from the cable |
audio | Output | Audio | Inferred from the cable |
Parameters#
| Parameter | Label | Range | Default | Unit | Scale | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
interval1 | Interval 1 | -24 to 24 | 4 | st | linear | Pitch of voice 1 relative to the input, in semitones. |
level1 | Level 1 | 0 to 1 | 0.7 | linear | Gain of voice 1; 0 switches the voice off. | |
pan1 | Pan 1 | -1 to 1 | -0.5 | linear | Stereo position of voice 1 on a two-lane bundle: −1 left, 0 centre, 1 right, equal power. Ignored on other widths. | |
interval2 | Interval 2 | -24 to 24 | 7 | st | linear | Pitch of voice 2 relative to the input, in semitones. |
level2 | Level 2 | 0 to 1 | 0.7 | linear | Gain of voice 2; 0 switches the voice off. | |
pan2 | Pan 2 | -1 to 1 | 0.5 | linear | Stereo position of voice 2 on a two-lane bundle: −1 left, 0 centre, 1 right, equal power. Ignored on other widths. | |
interval3 | Interval 3 | -24 to 24 | 12 | st | linear | Pitch of voice 3 relative to the input, in semitones. |
level3 | Level 3 | 0 to 1 | 0 | linear | Gain of voice 3; 0 switches the voice off. | |
pan3 | Pan 3 | -1 to 1 | 0 | linear | Stereo position of voice 3 on a two-lane bundle: −1 left, 0 centre, 1 right, equal power. Ignored on other widths. | |
dry | Dry | 0 to 1 | 1 | linear | Level of the input, delayed by the same latency as the voices. | |
wet | Wet | 0 to 1 | 0.7 | linear | Level of the summed voices. | |
window_ms | Window | 10 to 100 | 40 | ms | linear | Splice window. Longer windows smear transients less often and splice low notes cleanly; shorter ones respond faster. Latency is half the largest admitted window. |
Interval 1, 2 and 3 (interval1, interval2, interval3)#
Each voice's shift from −24 to 24 semitones: 3 is a minor third, 4 a major third, 7 a fifth, 12 an octave. Fractional values detune.
Level 1, 2 and 3 (level1, level2, level3)#
Each voice's gain from 0 to 1. At 0 the voice is off.
Pan 1, 2 and 3 (pan1, pan2, pan3)#
Each voice's place on a stereo cable, from −1 (left) to 1 (right), equal power. Ignored on other widths.
Dry (dry)#
The level of the input, delayed to line up with the voices.
Wet (wet)#
The level of all voices together.
Window (window_ms)#
How much audio each splice spans, 10 to 100 ms, for every voice. Longer windows suit low notes and big intervals; shorter ones keep fast notes tight. The node's latency is half the largest value the Window can reach.
Tips#
- Intervals 4 and 7 make a major triad, 3 and 7 a minor one.
- Pan the third and fifth apart and keep an octave below in the centre for width without losing the root.
- A voice at interval 0 with Level 0.5 and a small fractional detune, such as 0.08, thickens like a double.
See also#
Pitch shifter, Pitch correction, Chorus, Bus, Multichannel audio.
Help patches
Each help patch is an ordinary Toy that teaches one idea. The diagram shows the Patch; the preview shows its Frame. Open it in TuneToys to play and edit it.
1. Add a third and a fifth
beginner Teaches: interval1, level1, interval2, level2, dry, wet
A plucked G becomes a major triad from one note.
MIDI1 lane
Audio2ch
Fundamental pitch, capped below Nyquist; detune uses cents. Range: 20–20000 Hz. Default: 220 Hz. Logarithmic scale. Units: Hz.
Hz
Output gain. Range: 0–0.5 ×. Default: 0.12 ×. Linear scale. Units: linear gain.
×
Selects the implemented algorithm. Choices are discrete and are not LFO targets. Range: 0–7. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Cycle offset; Gate rising edges restart phase from this position. Range: 0–1 cycles. Default: 0 cycles. Linear scale. Units: cycles.
cycles
Pitch offset in cents. Range: -1200–1200 cents. Default: 0 cents. Linear scale. Units: cents.
cents
On or off. A rising edge retriggers; held on runs the oscillator or envelope. A control cable switches it at 0.5. Range: 0–1. Default: 1. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Semitones a full pitch bend on the MIDI input moves the note, up or down. Range: 0–48 st. Default: 2 st. Linear scale. Units: st.
st
Time constant of the slide from one MIDI note's pitch to the next; 0 jumps. Range: 0–2000 ms. Default: 0 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
Audio2ch
Audio2ch
Done1 lane
Time to rise to full gain. Range: 0–10000 ms. Default: 10 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
Time to fall to sustain in ADSR, or zero in AD. Range: 0–10000 ms. Default: 120 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
On or off. A rising edge retriggers; held on runs the oscillator or envelope. A control cable switches it at 0.5. Range: 0–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Selects the implemented algorithm. Choices are discrete and are not LFO targets. Range: 0–2. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Continuous concave/linear/convex segment curvature. Range: -1–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Repeats complete envelope cycles while Gate is held. Range: 0–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Restart from the current gain or reset to zero on a rising Gate. Range: 0–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Duration of the held part in repeating ADSR/AR cycles. Range: 0–10000 ms. Default: 100 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
Audio2ch
Audio2ch
Pitch of voice 1 relative to the input, in semitones. Range: -24–24 st. Default: 4 st. Linear scale. Units: st.
st
Gain of voice 1; 0 switches the voice off. Range: 0–1. Default: 0.7. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Stereo position of voice 1 on a two-lane bundle: −1 left, 0 centre, 1 right, equal power. Ignored on other widths. Range: -1–1. Default: -0.5. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Pitch of voice 2 relative to the input, in semitones. Range: -24–24 st. Default: 7 st. Linear scale. Units: st.
st
Gain of voice 2; 0 switches the voice off. Range: 0–1. Default: 0.7. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Stereo position of voice 2 on a two-lane bundle: −1 left, 0 centre, 1 right, equal power. Ignored on other widths. Range: -1–1. Default: 0.5. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Pitch of voice 3 relative to the input, in semitones. Range: -24–24 st. Default: 12 st. Linear scale. Units: st.
st
Gain of voice 3; 0 switches the voice off. Range: 0–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Stereo position of voice 3 on a two-lane bundle: −1 left, 0 centre, 1 right, equal power. Ignored on other widths. Range: -1–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Level of the input, delayed by the same latency as the voices. Range: 0–1. Default: 1. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Level of the summed voices. Range: 0–1. Default: 0.7. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Splice window. Longer windows smear transients less often and splice low notes cleanly; shorter ones respond faster. Latency is half the largest admitted window. Range: 10–100 ms. Default: 40 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
Audio2ch
Connections as text
- Oscillator audio output connected to Envelope audio input
- Envelope audio output connected to Harmonizer audio input
- Harmonizer audio output connected to Patch outputs audio input
- One plucked G3: the harmonizer adds the other notes.
- Interval 1 at 4 semitones is a major third, Interval 2 at 7 a fifth. Try 3 for a minor third.
- Dry is the original note, Wet the voices together.
2. Spread the voices
intermediate Teaches: pan1, pan2, interval3, level3, pan3, window_ms
The third and fifth spread left and right, with an octave below in the centre.
MIDI1 lane
Audio2ch
Fundamental pitch, capped below Nyquist; detune uses cents. Range: 20–20000 Hz. Default: 220 Hz. Logarithmic scale. Units: Hz.
Hz
Output gain. Range: 0–0.5 ×. Default: 0.12 ×. Linear scale. Units: linear gain.
×
Selects the implemented algorithm. Choices are discrete and are not LFO targets. Range: 0–7. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Cycle offset; Gate rising edges restart phase from this position. Range: 0–1 cycles. Default: 0 cycles. Linear scale. Units: cycles.
cycles
Pitch offset in cents. Range: -1200–1200 cents. Default: 0 cents. Linear scale. Units: cents.
cents
On or off. A rising edge retriggers; held on runs the oscillator or envelope. A control cable switches it at 0.5. Range: 0–1. Default: 1. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Semitones a full pitch bend on the MIDI input moves the note, up or down. Range: 0–48 st. Default: 2 st. Linear scale. Units: st.
st
Time constant of the slide from one MIDI note's pitch to the next; 0 jumps. Range: 0–2000 ms. Default: 0 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
Audio2ch
Audio2ch
Done1 lane
Time to rise to full gain. Range: 0–10000 ms. Default: 10 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
Time to fall to sustain in ADSR, or zero in AD. Range: 0–10000 ms. Default: 120 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
On or off. A rising edge retriggers; held on runs the oscillator or envelope. A control cable switches it at 0.5. Range: 0–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Selects the implemented algorithm. Choices are discrete and are not LFO targets. Range: 0–2. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Continuous concave/linear/convex segment curvature. Range: -1–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Repeats complete envelope cycles while Gate is held. Range: 0–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Restart from the current gain or reset to zero on a rising Gate. Range: 0–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Duration of the held part in repeating ADSR/AR cycles. Range: 0–10000 ms. Default: 100 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
Audio2ch
Audio2ch
Pitch of voice 1 relative to the input, in semitones. Range: -24–24 st. Default: 4 st. Linear scale. Units: st.
st
Gain of voice 1; 0 switches the voice off. Range: 0–1. Default: 0.7. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Stereo position of voice 1 on a two-lane bundle: −1 left, 0 centre, 1 right, equal power. Ignored on other widths. Range: -1–1. Default: -0.8. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Pitch of voice 2 relative to the input, in semitones. Range: -24–24 st. Default: 7 st. Linear scale. Units: st.
st
Gain of voice 2; 0 switches the voice off. Range: 0–1. Default: 0.7. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Stereo position of voice 2 on a two-lane bundle: −1 left, 0 centre, 1 right, equal power. Ignored on other widths. Range: -1–1. Default: 0.8. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Pitch of voice 3 relative to the input, in semitones. Range: -24–24 st. Default: -12 st. Linear scale. Units: st.
st
Gain of voice 3; 0 switches the voice off. Range: 0–1. Default: 0.6. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Stereo position of voice 3 on a two-lane bundle: −1 left, 0 centre, 1 right, equal power. Ignored on other widths. Range: -1–1. Default: 0. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Level of the input, delayed by the same latency as the voices. Range: 0–1. Default: 1. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Level of the summed voices. Range: 0–1. Default: 0.7. Linear scale. Units: unitless.
Splice window. Longer windows smear transients less often and splice low notes cleanly; shorter ones respond faster. Latency is half the largest admitted window. Range: 10–100 ms. Default: 30 ms. Linear scale. Units: ms.
ms
Audio2ch
Connections as text
- Oscillator audio output connected to Envelope audio input
- Envelope audio output connected to Harmonizer audio input
- Harmonizer audio output connected to Patch outputs audio input
- Pan places each voice on a stereo cable: −1 left, 1 right. It has no effect on other widths.
- Voice 3 at −12 adds the octave below; its Level brings it in.
- A longer Window smooths the low voice; a shorter one keeps plucks crisp.
Related nodes
- Pitch shifter Shifts audio up or down by up to two octaves with a splicing delay line, with fine cents, feedback and a dry/wet mix.
- Pitch correction Detects the pitch of a monophonic input and pulls it to the nearest note of the Toy tuning, a scale or held MIDI notes.
- Chorus Prepared multi-voice chorus, ensemble and vibrato over arbitrary channel bundles.
- Mixer Sum up to 32 channels, each with gain, pan, mute and solo, into one mix with a master level. Plug a cable in to add a channel.